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GLP-1 & Obesity:
what every GP needs to know.

From semaglutide to tirzepatide: the evidence on weight management medications is moving fast. Our clinical team breaks down what the latest trials mean for prescribing in primary care.

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Medicine Central is curated especially for UK primary care, with contributions from guest expert clinicians.

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Key publications in 50 words

MicroMedicine Central

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BMJ· 1 October 2026

Period-tracker data in the consultation is useful, but not a shortcut for endometriosis management

Women increasingly bring app data to appointments. A UK realist synthesis (19 studies, 22,266 participants) found symptom-reporting tools help women recalibrate what a "normal" period is and give GPs access to objective, longitudinal data for history-taking; 56% of PIPPA users were referred to gynaecology. But 15 of 19 studies were cross-sectional, and no evidence yet shows a shorter time to diagnosis.

PCDE· 1 October 2026

Multi-level clinical inertia in CKD management in primary care

In a single-practice audit of 581 adults with coded CKD, uACR was missing in 30.1%, including 12 with G4/G5 disease. Women were twice as likely to lack uACR data (37.7% vs 22.1%). Over half of records flagged for stage change had sustained change; 38 uncoded cases were found by biochemistry alone. A practice-level search will find yours.

NEJM· 1 October 2026

First phase 3 obesity agent past 30%

In TRIUMPH-1 (2,339 adults with obesity, no diabetes, mean BMI 40), once-weekly retatrutide 4, 9 and 12 mg produced mean weight loss of 17.6%, 23.7% and 25.0% at 80 weeks versus 3.9% with placebo. Over a third on 12 mg lost 30% or more. Adverse-event discontinuation reached 11.1%. The drug is unlicensed in the UK.

Springer Nature· 9 September 2026

Tirzepatide and obstructive sleep apnoea: consistent signal across subgroups

Post hoc analyses of the two SURMOUNT-OSA phase 3 trials report that tirzepatide was associated with reductions in apnoea-hypopnoea index across every baseline subgroup examined, including age, sex, BMI, neck circumference and OSA severity. Improvement of at least one severity category occurred in 68% to 79% of tirzepatide-treated participants, against 30% to 36% on placebo. These analyses are descriptive and hypothesis-generating only.

The Lancet· 9 September 2026

RECOVER-VITAL: targeting viral persistence in post-COVID-19 condition (long COVID) using nirmatrelvir-ritonavir

Participants with long COVID were randomised to nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (15 or 25 days) or placebo across cognitive, autonomic, and exercise phenotypes. Neither regimen improved primary outcomes versus placebo, and secondary endpoints were also unchanged. No safety concerns emerged: no deaths occurred, and serious adverse events were similar, indicating no benefit in any subgroup.

This week's edition

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